基于狭缝湍射流多尺度特征研究的机舱条缝送风口内结构的优化设计

针对 MD-82真实客机座舱内现有的壁面条缝型送风口流场平均流速沿座舱轴向分布的不均匀性,提出了一种送风口条缝形芯内结构的设计,使条缝型送风口处气流混合更加均匀,湍流发展更充分,平均流速沿座舱轴向分布更加均匀。并利用热线测速技术,精细测量条缝型送风口流场进行验证。从吹风感舒适性要求出发,利用子波分析,对条缝型送风口流场不同位置的瞬时速度时间序列信号作多尺度湍涡成分分析。结果表明:加装了条缝形芯内结构的条缝送风口流场的气流脉动特征频率始终维持在21.83Hz 左右,而导致人最不舒适的空气速度脉动频率为0.2~0.6Hz,从而证实加装了条缝形芯内结构的条缝送风口流场的气流提高了人体感觉的舒适性。

Optimization design of inner-structure of the slot-jet in aircraft cabin based on investigation of multi-scale characteristics of slot turbulent jet flow

In order to solve the distribution heterogeneity problem of the mean span-wise ve-locity field of the slot outlet in MD-82 airliner cabin,we designed the slit-shaped inner core struc-ture in order to make the final mixture of the slot flow more uniform,the development of the tur-bulence is more sufficient and the distribution of the mean stream-wise velocity field is more hom-ogeneous.Hot-wire anemometry is used in the simplified cabin model experiments,based on which the research is carried out on the optimization design of inner structures of the slot-jet in aircraft cabin and the multiscale characteristic analysis of the turbulence.The slot-jet flow fields in model cabin environment with different inner-structure are finely measured by constant-tem-perature anemometry system.The resolution of the constant-temperature anemometry system is higher than the smallest time-scale of turbulence (inner structure and dissipation time-scale). The actual velocity field is analyzed in the stream-wise direction and normal direction respective-ly.Furthermore,based on the comfort theory,the wavelet-transformations are applied for the characteristic analysis of the multi-scales eddy and the analysis of the distribution of energy.The variation of the mean velocity beyond the slot outlets reveals the decaying regularity of the veloci-ty in the stream-wise direction and the flow irregularity in the normal direction.Results from the wavelet transformation analysis indicate that the change of energy proportion of different scale ed-dies is connected with the evolution of the slot-jet flow field.It can be seen from the results that small scale vortices generate entrainment and merge into large scale vortices on account of the in-crease of the viscosity and the decrease of the inertness in the far field of the turbulence jet flow field,which is called inverse energy cascade.It has a significant impact on the thermal transmission and the diffusion of contaminant.It’s the main reason of the draft sensation discomfort.By the contrast experiments,the slit-shaped core inner structure is designed so that the final mixture of the slot flow is more uniform and the development of the turbulence is more sufficient.From the perspective of comfort analysis on the flow fluctuation frequency,the flow characteristic frequen-cy of the flow field beyond the outlet with the designed core structure has remained to be about 21.83Hz,while the air fluctuation frequency which results in highest discomfort is 0.2~0.6Hz. Therefore the design is worked.