基于变惯量反作用飞轮的小卫星大角度姿态机动控制研究

研究以变惯量反作用飞轮作为执行机构的小卫星的大角度姿态机动控制问题。变惯量反作用飞轮是一种新型的动量交换装置,不仅可以通过改变飞轮转速输出力矩,还可以通过改变其转动惯量实现大范围的力矩输出。文中建立了带有变惯量反作用飞轮的星体姿态动力学方程,设计了姿态控制律和飞轮的操纵律。仿真结果表明,与一般反作用飞轮相比,当小卫星大角度机动时变惯量飞轮的转速更不容易饱和,且力矩的输出范围变宽,可以同时满足小卫星高精度稳定和快速大角度姿态机动的双重要求。

Large Angle Attitude Maneuver Control for Small Satellite Using Variable Inertial Reaction Wheels

A large angle attitude maneuver problem for a small satellite with variable inertial reaction wheels(VIRWs) as actuator is investigated.VIRW is a new momentum exchange device,which can provide attitude control torque not only by adjusting the spin rate,but also by changing the inertia of the wheel.The attitude dynamic equation of the small satellite with VIRWs was established and the attitude control law and wheels' steering law were designed.Simulation results verify the validity of the attitude control law and wheels' steering law and also demonstrate that,compared with the conventional reaction wheel,VIRW is superior in avoiding wheel's saturation and can provide control torque within a larger range.Therefore,both the high accuracy attitude stabilization and rapid large angle attitude maneuver can be achieved by using VIRWs.