基于代理模型的大型民机机翼气动优化设计

先进的气动优化设计思想与方法，对于提升大型民机气动与综合性能具有至关重要的意义。探讨了大型民机超临界机翼气动优化设计的基本准则和要点，并结合代理优化算法，提出了一种面向工程应用的多轮次高效全局气动优化设计方法。首先，通过一系列解析函数/翼型/机翼优化测试算例进行了验证。其次，将所提出的方法与人工修型相结合，开展了针对宽体客机超临界机翼的两轮气动优化设计，使其气动性能得到显著改善。最后，采用不同的雷诺平均Navier-Stokes（RANS）方程求解器对安装优化机翼的全机巡航构型进行了典型状态的气动性能综合评估。研究结果表明，所提出的代理优化算法具有很高的优化效率、较强的约束处理和全局优化能力；将所发展的基于代理模型的多轮次气动优化设计方法与人工修型相结合，能够获得满足设计要求的气动外形，验证了该方法在大型民机超临界机翼气动设计中的有效性和工程实用性。

Aerodynamic optimization design of large civil aircraft wings using surrogate-based model

Advanced methods of aerodynamic shape optimization are playing an increasingly important role in improving performance and saving cost for the design of a large transport aircraft. In this article, the design principles of the modern large transport aircraft wing, from the perspective of an aerodynamicist, are presented. Using the surrogate-based approach, an efficient multi-round aerodynamic shape optimization for engineering applications is proposed. The proposed method is verified by test cases using an analytical test function, an airfoil design and an aerodynamic shape optimization of wing-body configuration. Then, the aerodynamic shape optimization for supercritical wing of a dual-aisle large transport aircraft is exercised by combining the proposed method with the method of directly modifying the shape (drawing on the experience of an aerodynamic designer). A comprehensive evaluation of aerodynamic performances of the optimal wing is conducted by using different Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations flow solvers. The results show that the proposed method is feasible and effective for aerodynamic shape optimization for complex aircraft configurations, with good capability of constraints handling and global optimization. This study shows that the proposed optimization design method is applicable to engineering aerodynamic design of the supercritical wing of a wide-body transport aircraft.