大型水陆两栖飞机特殊任务模式对总体设计的挑战

面向森林灭火和水上救援任务设计的大型水陆两栖飞机，由于其特殊的任务模式，给设计工作带来了许多全新的挑战。首先，分析了国内森林灭火和水上救援的需求，并介绍了对应的任务模式。然后，总结了在型号研制过程中不同于常规飞机的特殊设计和相应的解决方法，具体包括：以国内供应商为主体的构型管理体系的建立、气水动一体化设计、全新的起落架布局设计、任务系统集成和效能评估、驾驶舱集成设计、设备布置和腐蚀防护设计。最后，提出了在适航审定和集成应用方面仍需重点关注的4个研究方向。

Challenges for aircraft design due to special mission models of large-scale amphibious aircraft

The design of a large-scale amphibious aircraft for forest fire fighting and rescue mission on river or sea faces many challenges due to its special mission models. First, the domestic demands of forest fire fighting and rescue mission on river or sea are analyzed. Second, the special design different form the regular aircraft and the corresponding solutions are summarized, including the establishment of configuration management based on the domestic supplier, the integrated design of aerodynamics and hydrodynamics, the new design of the landing gear, the integration of mission systems and the evaluation of effectiveness, the integrated design of the cockpit, the arrangement of the equipment and the design of corrosion protection and control. Finally, four valuable problems with respect to aircraft airworthiness certification and application are proposed.