系列嵌套圆环系统的能量吸收特性

能量吸收结构的性能对航空、航天等领域的人员和结构防护非常重要。针对一种系列嵌套圆环系统的能量吸收特性进行了理论、数值和实验研究。首先建立了考虑应变强化效应的系列嵌套圆环系统受刚性平板横向准静态压缩时的刚塑性理论模型;然后对双环和三环嵌套圆环系统进行了准静态压缩实验及有限元数值模拟,理论预测、数值模拟和实验测得的系列嵌套圆环系统的载荷-挠度曲线吻合很好;最后对将系列嵌套圆环系统应用到航空领域进行了探讨,以应用至航空座椅为例,建立了人体、座椅、能量吸收结构的数学模型,参照美国航空联邦局航空座椅动态实验标准,基于该模型计算得到了人体所受的腰椎负荷,并与不装备能量吸收结构时的腰椎负荷进行了比较,结果表明应用系列嵌套圆环系统可以有效地对人体进行防护。

Energy absorption characteristics of series nested circular ring system

The behavior of energy absorption structures is very important for the protection of human body and structures in many fields such as aeronautics and astronautics. For a kind of series nested circular ring system, the energy absorption behavior is investigated theoretically, numerically, and experimentally. First, a rigid-plastic analytical model for the series nested circular ring system under lateral quasi-static compression by two parallel rigid plates considering the effect of strain hardening is established. Further, finite element simulations and quasi-static lateral compression tests are carried out for a two-ring nested system and three-ring nested system. The corresponding force-deflection curves are compared with the analytical predictions and favorable agreement with one another has been found. Finally, the application of such kind of series nested circular ring system in aeronautics is discussed and examples are given for airplane seats. An analytical model is established for body, seat and energy absorbing system. In the light of Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Seat Dynamic Performance Standards, the lumbar load response is calculated by the present model and compared with the result without mounting the energy absorbing system; the result indicates that human body can be effectively protected using the series nested circular ring system.