NiTi形状记忆合金的拉伸实验与物理模型

根据NiTi丝的拉伸实验结果,基于滞后元方法,建立了拉伸状态下应力-应变曲线的唯象物理模型,并进行了数值模拟。研究结果表明(1)SMA丝在马氏体相变,特别是R相变时出现一系列物理、力学性质的异常变化,其应力-应变关系呈现高度非线性;(2)在NiTi丝断裂之前没有明显的屈服现象;(3)物理模型的数值模拟结果与实验结果吻合较好。

TENSILE TEST AND PHYSICAL MODEL OF NiTi SHAPE MEMORY ALLOY

The tensile stress-strain curves of NiTi wires are obtained by tensile experiments under different heat treatments. A phenomenological physical model based on hysteresis element method is developed to describe the experimentally determined stress-strain curves of shape memory alloy (SMA) wires. Numerical simulations are made. Simulation results show that: (1) a series of unusual changes on physical and mechanical properties of SMA wires occur when martensitic, especially R(rhombohedral) phase transformation emerge. The stress-strain relation of SMA wires is highly non-linear; (2) there are no notable yielding phenomena before NiTi wires are broken; (3) numerical results obtained by the physical model are in good agreement with experimental data.