地球非球形对卫星轨道的长期影响及补偿研究

首先建立了地球非球形引力摄动模型,通过对地球非球形引力摄动对卫星轨道的长期影响分析发现,地球非球形引力摄动对卫星轨道升交点赤经和沿迹角的漂移量与时间成近似线性关系;然后推导了通过主动偏置半长轴和倾角的方法来补偿摄动长期影响的计算公式,设计了基于仿真的地球非球形引力摄动补偿方法;最后对GlobalStar星座卫星进行仿真与试验.结果表明,设计的补偿方法是可行的,摄动补偿后在地球非球形引力摄动作用下卫星轨道的长期稳定性得到了很好的保持.

Study on Secular Effect Caused by Earth Non-Spherical and Compensation for Its Effect

The model of the earth non-spherical gravitation perturbation is established. Through analyzing the secular effects to the satellite orbit caused by the earth non-spherical gravitation perturbation, it is discovered that the drifting of the ascending node right ascension and the along-track angle of satellite orbit caused by the earth non-spherical gravitation perturbation exists the approximate linear relation with time. Then using the initiative deviations of the semi-major axis and the inclination angle to compensate the secular effects, and the compensation process is designed. Finally a simulation about the satellite of GlobalStar is given. Simulation results indicate that the compensation method is feasible, and the long-term stabilization of the satellite orbit is obtained.