高层管理团队特征与企业业绩关系理论述评

经典的“高阶理论”揭示了高层经理与企业产出之间的关联性，但在两者关系的认识上并未得出一致的结论。近年来，大部分学者通过分析管理团队面临的内外环境变量和团队特征影响业绩的中介变量来重新考察团队特征与组织绩效的关系。这些研宄成果弥补了传统理论的不足，也为后续研究提供了有益的指导。未来高管团队研究应将团队特征拓展到更具实质意义的心理特征上，包括管理层的态度、兴趣及观念等；业绩表现拓展到成交量、忠诚度、满意度等难以人为操作的组织产出，以确保研究结论的可靠性。

Review on Research Exploring the Impact of TMT Characteristics on Firm Performance

Upper echelons theory found the link between senior managers and organizational outcome,but it failed to reach a consistent conclusion.In recent years,most researchers examine the relationship between team characteristics and firm performance again by analysing the environment variables and the mediation factor through which TMTs actually influence performance.The result of these researches makes up a deficit in the classical theory and provides helpful guidance for the next study.In future,TMT researches should incorporate psychological factors such as attitudes,interests and opinions,and include other organization performances such as turnover,faithfulness and satisfaction to assure the reliability of conclusion,and further explore the impact of group processes factors and the life span of any organization on firm Performance.