航天器在轨服务接近策略研究

为解决航天器在轨服务中如何接近目标航天器的问题,研究了服务航天器的接近策略。从Hill方程出发,深入分析了航天器的相对运动,得到了椭圆型、振荡型、跳跃型和飞越型四种基本的相对运动类型;通过组合基本相对运动,提出了异面接近、盘旋接近、全向接近和共轨接近四种接近策略,并对其形成过程、速度增量需求和应用范围等方面进行了分析。分析结果表明:异面接近策略可以节省大量推进剂,但应用范围受到限制;其他策略具有较广的应用范围。

Study on Approaching Strategies for On-Orbit Servicing of Satellites

The approaching strategies for on-orbit servicing are investigated to solve how to approach the target vehicle for the servicer spacecraft.According to Hill′s equations,four fundamental relative motions were presented by analyzing the relative motion between two orbiting vehicles.And then,by combining the fundamental relative motions,four possible approaching strategies named Approaching from Different Plane,Approaching by Hovering,Approaching from All Directions and Approaching along the Same Orbit,were introduced and analyzed.The results show that the strategy of Approaching from Different Plane could save an amount of fuel while other strategies have wide range of application.