基于天文观测技术的惯性导航系统的空中对准

提出了一种基于CCD星敏感器的捷联惯性导航系统的空中对准方法.应用双线性方程求解被观测星在星敏感器坐标系中的坐标值及传统最小二乘微分校正法求解捷联惯性导航的姿态,该姿态值与捷联惯性导航解算姿态的差值就是惯性导航系统的失准角.作为Kalman滤波器的观测量,计算机仿真结果表明,天文姿态信息有效地校正了陀螺漂移和初始失准角引起的位置和速度误差.

IN-FLIGHT ALIGNMENT OF INERTIAL NAVIGATION SYSTEM BY CELESTIAL OBSERVATION TECHNIQUE

This paper presents an in-flight alignment technique for a strapdown inertial navigation system (SINS) and employs a star pattern recognition procedure for identifying stars sensed by a CCD electrooptical star sensor. Collinearity equations are used to estimate sensor frame star coordinates and the conventional least square differ-ential correction method is used to estimate the unknown orientation angles. A comparison of this attitude with the attitude estimated by the SINS provides axis misalignment angles. Simulations using a Kalman filter are carried out for an SINS and the system employs a local level navigation frame. The space stabilized SINS is discussed in conjunction with the celestial aiding. Based on the observation of the Kalman filter, the estimating and compensating gyro errors, as well as the position and velocity errors caused by the SINS misalignments are calibrated by celestial attitute information.