火星进入器气动热环境模拟及热防护试验综述

文章简述典型火星进入器所面临的气动热环境，阐明在火星大气CO₂介质下进行试验的重大需求以及建立火星热环境模拟及热防护试验方法的必要性；并对国内外进行的相关火星进入器热防护工程性和研究性试验进行综述，指出研究空气和CO₂介质下的电弧加热器运行特性将对火星热防护试验提供必要的支撑，CO₂介质下防热材料催化特性研究和先进测试技术（如TALIF、OES、HSC等）是未来发展的方向。

Review of aerothermal environmental simulations and thermal protection tests for Mars entry vehicles

In this paper, the aerodynamic thermal environment of a typical Mars entry vehicle is analyzed, and the major requirements for conducting tests in the Martian atmosphere are highlighted, as well as the necessity of establishing a thermal environment simulation and thermal protection test method for Mars probes. The thermal protection tests for the Mars entry vehicle performed at home and abroad are reviewed. The importance of the ground thermal protection tests is shown, as well as the importance of studying the operation characteristics of the arc heaters in air and CO₂, to provide a necessary support for Mars thermal protection tests. It is suggested that the basic researches of the catalytic properties of the thermal protection materials in CO₂ and some advanced testing techniques (such as TALIF, OES, HSC, etc.) are the directions of the future development.