太阳电池阵表面充电反向电位梯度的地面模拟

太阳电池阵等部件由于其表面介质的高二次电子发射及光电子发射特性，使得其在轨表面充电典型表现为反向电位梯度（inverted potential gradient, IPG）。为了评估航天器部组件在轨的表面充电风险，需要研究IPG的特点及在地面模拟IPG的方法。文章通过分析地球中高轨道与低轨道空间等离子体环境中表面充电的特点，提出了地面模拟IPG表面充电的方法，并给出典型试验结果。推荐中高轨道利用电子枪或紫外源、低轨道利用冷稠等离子体源模拟表面充电IPG；模拟过程中为了建立IPG，试样基底导电部位需要悬浮且有直流负偏压电源驱动；模拟IPG时需要针对试样尺度进行缩比补偿；文章给出的方法可用于一般太阳电池阵或其他在轨充电会产生IPG的试样开展地面模拟及静电放电防护性能评价试验。

Ground simulation of inverted potential gradient for solar panel surface charging

Due to the high secondary electron and photoelectron emission rate at the surface of typical components such as the solar cell array, the inverted potential gradient (IPG) has become a typical surface charging scenario in orbit. In order to evaluate the surface charging risk of spacecraft’s outer components, it is necessary to study the characteristics of the IPG and the related ground simulation methods. By analyzing the characteristics of the surface charging in the space plasma environments in the high Earth orbit and the low Earth orbit, this paper proposes a set of the ground simulation method with a typical test result. It is recommended to simulate the IPG by the electron gun or the UV source for the high Earth orbit, and by the cold-dense plasma source for the low Earth orbit. In order to establish the IPG in the simulation process, the conductive part of the sample base needs to be suspended and driven by a negative bias DC power supply, meanwhile, compensation should be made according to the sample scale. The simulation method proposed in this paper can be used for the ground evaluation test of the solar array or other components with the IPG effect in orbit charging.