飞行器RCS近场测试技术研究进展与工程应用

雷达散射截面(RCS)测试是隐身技术和目标特性研究的基础。无论是研究物体的电磁散射特性还是研制具有突防能力的隐身武器系统,RCS测试都具有非常重要的意义。通过RCS测试可以验证电磁散射计算的理论和方法,更重要的是,对部分飞行器目标进行电磁散射理论计算非常困难,而通过测试可以直观地获得目标的电磁散射特性数据,从而避开复杂的电磁仿真计算。与外场、紧缩场RCS测试方法相比,近年来得到广泛应用与发展的RCS近场测试方法在飞行器目标的散射特性测试方面具有效率高、成本低的优势。介绍了飞行器RCS测试评估方法,综述了国内外RCS近场测试技术研究的最新进展与工程应用实例,分析展望了飞行器RCS近场测试技术面临的机遇与挑战。

Progress of aircraft RCS near field measurement and its application

Radar cross section(RCS) measurement is the foundation of the stealth technology and target signature research. It is necessary to research the electromagnetic scattering properties of radar target as well as to design stealth weapon system. The theory and algorithm of electromagnetic scattering computation can be verified by RCS measurement; moreover, it is difficult to compute electromagnetic scattering of some complex objects, but the data can be obtained visually by RCS measurement. Compared with the outdoor and indoor RCS measurement, the RCS near field measurement is excellence in electromagnetic scattering test of electrically large complex objects. The method has lower cost and is more efficient. Concerning the fast, efficient and accurate testing of the electrically large complex objects' feature in actual engineering application, the key technique, realization and the applicability of RCS near field measurement are studied. Firstly, the methods of aircraft stealth test is introduced; secondly, the status quo of RCS near field measurement of numerical method, and the applied fields and problems to be solved of RCS near field measurement are presented; finally, the opportunities and challenges of the research of aircraft near field RCS measurement are briefly analyzed.