低轨目标短弧关联的稳健方法

未来大量低轨星座部署一旦完成，将会对传统的空间目标监视提出更高的要求.广角光学望远镜系统具有广域监视效果，可以同时观测大量目标.但是广角望远镜的观测数据大部分属于“短弧”观测数据，单次观测无法进行空间目标的初始轨道确定.目前有效的解决方案是对光学观测弧段进行准确关联，融合多组观测数据进行初定轨.本文以容许域方法为基础，通过优化拟合两段观测短弧的轨道，结合卡方检验，确定不同观测弧段之间的关联性.其次详细描述了对于低轨目标，用仅测角观测数据进行关联的时候，存在的病态性问题.最后，针对低轨目标短弧关联错误率高的问题，提出了用角度误差特性规律进行误关联识别的方法.误关联的准确识别有效地提高了对于低轨空间目标仅光学观测序列的关联成功率，为后续的空间目标编目提供了有效的数据支撑.

Robust Method for ShortArc Correlation of Low Orbit Objects

The deployment of a large number of low orbit constellations that will complete in the future has higher requirements for traditional space surveillance. The wide angle optical telescope system can monitor a wide area and observe more objects at the same time. However, most of the observation sequences are “short arc” observations, and a single sequence cannot determine the initial orbit of a space object. The current effective solution is to accurately correlate the optical observation arcs and fuse multiple observations for initial orbit determination. The orbits of two short arcs are optimized based on the admissible region method and the chi square test is combined to determine the correlation between different observations. Secondly, the ill posed problems are described for low orbit satellites in detail when angles only observations is used for correlation. Finally, given the high error rate of the low orbit object short arc correlation, a method is proposed for identifying the wrong correlation based on the angular error characteristics.