近地空间全天时星敏感器技术现状及发展综述

星敏感器是一种以恒星为参考源的姿态测量设备，在卫星、导弹、舰船等平台得到广泛应用。对于需在大气层内全天时工作的近地空间平台，如舰船、飞机、导弹、高空气球等，星敏感器面临白天强烈天空背景条件下探测暗弱恒星目标的难题。首先介绍了近地空间全天时星敏感器的基本工作原理；其次介绍了国内外研究现状；然后分析并总结了全天时星敏感器实现的主要技术途径；最后梳理出下一步研究方向。分析结果可为近地空间全天时星敏感器系统的研制提供参考和帮助。

Survey of technology status and development of all-time star sensors in near-earth space

Star sensors, a kind of attitude measurement equipment with stars as reference sources, are widely used on satellites, missiles, ships and other platforms. For near-earth space platforms that need to work all-time in the atmosphere, such as ships, aircraft, missiles, and high-altitude balloons, star sensors are faced with the difficulty of detecting dim stars against the strong sky background. This paper first describes the basic working principle of all-time star sensors in near-earth space, followed by an introduction of the research status at home and abroad. The main technical approaches are analyzed and summarized, and the development trend is discussed. The analysis results can provide reference for and facilitate the development of all-time star sensor systems in near-earth space.