新型自适应起落架的单支腿落震性能研究

针对传统直升机起落架结构相对固定导致的地形适应能力不足的问题，设计了一种两级缓冲系统的新型缓冲作动行走一体化自适应起落架，实现了多工况下的着陆缓冲功能，常规着陆时磁流变缓冲器单独工作实现着陆缓冲功能，危险工况下磁流变缓冲器和油气缓冲器共同工作实现抗坠毁功能。在多体动力学软件LMS Virtual.Lab Motion中建立了带两级缓冲器的自适应起落架落震仿真模型。自适应起落架可以通过2个液压作动缸来调节不同姿态，进行了常规工况及耐坠毁工况的落震仿真分析，并根据仿真数据设计了缓冲器参数。在多种工况下进行了自适应起落架多级缓冲系统落震试验，对比分析了试验和仿真结果。结果表明，在2种着陆速度下，系统缓冲效率分别达到85%和75%，自适应起落架可以主动调节至多种姿态，并在各姿态下都具有良好的缓冲性能，还具备一定的抗坠毁能力。试验与仿真结果具有一致性，证明建立的自适应起落架的多体动力学模型能够有效地模拟落震过程。

Research of single leg drop performance of new adaptive landing gear

For the problem of inadequate terrain adaptability caused by the fixed structure of traditional helicopter landing gears, a new landing gear integrated for buffering actuation and walking with two stage buffering system was designed. The buffering function under multiple conditions was realized, the magnetorheological damper works to realize function in the conventional landing; the magnetorheological buffer and the oil-gas buffer work together to realize crashworthiness under the dangerous condition. A drop simulation model was established in the multibody dynamics software LMS Virtual.Lab Motion. The adaptive landing gear can adjust attitudes by two hydraulic actuating cylinders. The drop simulation analysis of the normal condition and the crash-resistant condition was carried out, and the buffer parameters were designed according to simulation data., the drop test was carried out under various conditions. Compared with the test and simulation results, the results show that the system’s buffering efficiency reached 85% and 75% respectively at two landing speeds. The adaptive landing gear can adjust to different attitudes actively, and it has good buffering performance at each attitude and a crashworthiness ability. The fact that the simulation and test findings were in agreement shows how well the multi-body dynamic model of the landing gear simulates the drop process.