重复使用航天器发展趋势及若干思考

重复使用航天器具有快速、低成本的特性，是自由进出空间的重要技术途径之一。自从２0世纪50年代重复使用航天器的概念被提出以来，历经７０多年，重复使用航天器的研制取得了很大的进步，积累了丰富的经验和教训。基于国内外发展情况，梳理了重复使用航天器的技术路线，深入分析了其发展趋势，从设计、制造、试验、运行维护4个方面探讨了重复使用航天器的特点和难点，并提出了未来重复使用航天器发展的若干思考与建议。

The Developing Trends of Reusable Spacecraft and Several Thoughts

Reusable spacecraft is characterized as a fast and cost efficient method for space access and return. Since the concept of reusable spacecraft was proposed in the 1950s, over 70 years have passed and significant progress has been made in the development of reusable spacecraft, accumulating rich experience and lessons. Based on the development worldwide, technical routes of reusable spacecraft are illustrated, and the developing trends are gained. Features and difficulties related to reusable spacecraft are discussed from four aspects including design, manufacture, test, operation and maintenance. Furthermore, several thoughts and suggestions on the future development of reusable spacecraft are provided.