面向风险均衡的AFDX虚拟链路路径寻优算法

为确保综合模块化航空电子系统的安全性需求能够在全双工交换式以太网中得到一致性保证，提出了一种面向风险均衡的路径规化（RBPP）算法，以满足各航电功能间的安全隔离要求，同时分散风险，避免局部物理链路的风险集中，提高系统安全性。以民机失效状态类别划分为基础，建立了航电功能、分区、端系统、虚拟链路（VL）风险模型；RBPP以均衡各物理链路风险为目标，同时综合考虑网络实时性、链路负载能力等因素，采用粒子群算法进行优化目标求解。利用仿真优化方法对RBPP算法进行了实现，在典型工业航空电子全双工交换式以太网（AFDX）网络架构及A380AFDX网络架构下进行仿真分析，结果显示多播VL的简化处理的会使网络风险增加；在1 000条VL配置下与负载均衡（LB）算法和最短路径（SP）算法进行了分析对比，结果显示RBPP算法在满足各航电功能间的隔离需求的同时，链路风险均衡能力在两种网络拓扑下分别比负载均衡算法提高了10.7%和23.4%，比最短路径算法分别提高了35.4%和47.9%。

Path optimization algorithm for AFDX virtual link to balance the network risk

To meet the safety requirements of the integrated avionics system in the domain of full-daplex switched Ethernet (AFDX), a Risk Balance based Path Planning (RBPP) algorithm for full-daplex switched Ethernet (AFDX) virtual link is proposed, which can meet the requirements for independence of avionics functions, and avoid dispersing risks at the same time. Based on the failure conditions of civil aircraft, the risk models for hosted functions, partitions, end systems and the VL are established, and two different risk modeling strategies are given. RBPP is aimed to balance physical link risks, taking into account real time, network load and other factors. The particle swarm algorithm is introduced to solve the problem. The RBPP algorithm is realized using the simulation optimization method, and simulation analysis is carried out in the typical industrial Avionics Full Duplex switched Ethernet (AFDX) network and A380 AFDX network architecture. The results show that simplification of the VL multicast will increase the network risk. The RBPP algorithm is compared with the Shortest Path (SP) Algorithm and Load Balancing (LB) algorithm under a configuration of 1000 VLs, and the comparison results show that the RBPP algorithm can meet the needs for isolation between all avionics functions. The risk balance in two network topologies that applies RBPP algorithm improves 10.7% and 23.4% than that of the LB, and improved 35.4% and 47.9% than that of the SP.