航天器交会对接中GPS的应用

卫星定位和卫星通讯是正在寻求的空间飞行器高级自主交会系统的首选测控手段。本文概述了航天器的交会对接基本要求和过程以及美国全球定位系统（ＧＰＳ）和组成、定位原理、精度和差分原理后，列出了两种形式的相对运动方程。利用运动方程求解、单纯ＧＰＳ、差分ＧＰＳ的结合，可以完成追踪航天器向目标航天器接近的整个导引过程，且可以省去庞大的地面遥控遥测、星上雷达等设备，减少误差源。仿真计算证实了这一设计思想的可行性和

GPS APPLIED TO THE RENDEZVOUS AND DOCKING OF SPACECRAFTS

Satellite-based positioning and satellite-based communication are the first alternative of spacecraft tracking and command which are being developed for advanced autonomous system in spacecraft rendezvous and docking. In this paper,the principal requirement and process of rendezvous and docking are described,Global Positioning System(GPS) and Differential GPS(DGPS)are introduced and the equations of relative motion in two different forms are given. Solving to those equations With GPS alone and then with DGPS, the chaser vehicle can be guided to approach to the object vehicle, without the onboard satellite radar and ground telemetry. In the meantime, many of the error sources can be reduced. Computer simulation has proved this approach and its accuracy.