航天员出舱可伸缩安全系绳设计与验证

随着中国神舟飞船系列任务和空间站建设任务的稳步进行，中国航天员将面临频繁的在轨出舱作业任务，航天员出舱活动范围将逐渐增大，作业位置也将频繁变换，传统安全绳已无法满足使用要求。提出了一种基于恒力矩弹簧驱动的航天员出舱可伸缩安全系绳设计方案，并优化设计方法。对可伸缩安全系绳的核心部分——驱动单元进行设计，研制航天员出舱可伸缩安全系绳样机，并完成功能性能、环境适应性和驱动单元寿命试验验证。结果表明:所提方案可顺利完成钢丝绳收放，且实测收绳力、放绳力与理论值基本吻合。方案具有体积小、质量轻、可耐大量级振动和高低温环境等优点，其驱动单元满足10 000次的长寿命使用要求，可用于后续工程产品中。 

Design and verification of an adjustable length safety tether for astronaut extravehicular activities

With the steady progress of Shenzhou spaceship series tasks and space station construction tasks in China, Chinese astronauts are facing frequent extravehicular activities, the range of astronauts' extravehicular activities will gradually increase, and the operation position of astronauts will change frequently. The traditional safety tether can not operation the requirements. In this paper, a design scheme of an adjustable length safety tether for astronaut extravehicular activities driven by constant force spring is put forward, the design method is optimized, and the detailed design of the driving unit which is the core part of the safety tether is performed. Finally, the prototype of safety tether is developed, and the functional performance test, environmental adaptability test and driving unit life test are completed. The results show that the scheme of the safety tether can successfully complete the retraction and release of steel wire rope, and the measured retracting force and pulling force are basically consistent with the theoretical values. It has the advantages of small volume, light weight, and resistance to a large number of levels of vibration and high and low temperature environment. The driving unit can meet the requirements of 10 000 times of long-life use. The scheme of the safety tether can be used in subsequent engineering products.