低成本GNSS接收机芯片载波相位测量技术

当前具备载波相位测量的GNSS接收机能够实现高精度定位，但其成本高、体积大，难以广泛应用于大批量的手机、平板电脑等消费电子产品。针对ST公司的STA8090接收机芯片并改进其软件和晶振以获得载波相位信息，采用双差和三差方程测试评估载波相位测量的精度，与测绘型接收机进行对比。基于改进的STA8090接收机芯片构建双天线定姿系统原型样机，静态测试评估了相对定位和定向精度。研究结果表明，千米级静态相对定位精度优于0.01m，在1.23m基线条件下定向精度优于0.1°。因此，采用低成本GNSS接收机芯片实现高精度载波相位测量的技术方案是可行的，具备广阔的市场应用前景。

Carrier Phase Measurement Technology Based on Low Cost GNSS Receiver Chip

Nowadays the GNSS receivers with carrier phase measurements have the ability of accurate positioning. But because these kinds of receivers are expensive and big size, they are hard to be applied in the consumption level productions such as mobile phones and tablets. This paper focuses on carrier phase measurement technology based on low cost GNSS receiver chip STA8090 chip produced by ST company. The carrier phase measurements can be gotten by improving the software and crystal oscillator. The precision of carrier phase measurements is evaluated by double and triple differeial equations. And the comparison of precision is carried out with survey receivers. A prototype of heading determination is built based on two improved STA8090 receiver chips. Some static experiments are carried out to evaluate the accuracy of relative positioning and heading determination using carrier phase measurements. The experimental results are shown that the accuracy of relative positioning using the baseline of about 1 km is better than 0.01m and the accuracy of heading determination using the baseline of 1.23m is better than 0.1°. Hence, it is feasible to improve the low cost receiver chips to obtain carrier phase measurements. It has a wide application prospect.