胸腹部不同部位撞击伤特点及损伤机理

用摆锤式冲击台对１１３只家兔胸、腹不同部位进行了钝性撞击实验。撞击速度６．７～１０．５ｍ／ｓ，相对压缩量０．１８～０．５０。观测到侧胸撞击伤重于正胸撞击，侧胸撞击易引起升主动脉损伤和肋骨骨折，还易引起肝脏损伤。上腹撞击损伤重于侧腹撞击，上腹撞击易引起肝脏损伤。提出胸部撞击要着重于侧胸部防护，腹部撞击要着重于上腹部防护。提出用冲量ＭＩ和冲击功ＷＩ分别估计胸部和上腹部撞击损伤程度及其ＤＥ，５０值。

CHARACTERISTIC AND MECHANISM OF THE IMPACT INJURY IN THORAX ABDOMEN DIFFERENT PARTS

Blunt impact was conducted on thorax abdominal parts of 113 rabbits by using a pendulum impact table. The impact velocity was 6.7￣10.5 m/s. And the relative compression amount was 0.18￣0.50. Lateral thorax impact caused serious results than frontal thorax impact. Lateral thorax impact often led to ascending aorta damage, rib fracture and liver damage. Upper abdomen impact injury was more serious than that of lateral abdomen impact. And the former often led to liver damage. So particular emphasis should be laid on to protect lateral thorax during thorax impact. And to abdomen impact, upper abdomen protection should be considered firstly. Impact measure (M I ) and impact work ( W I ) can be used to estimate degrees of thorax and upper abdomen injury respectively and the value D E,50 of impact injury.