A320系列飞机TCAS故障签派放行处置研究

空中交通警报与避撞系统( traffic alert and collision avoidance system,简称 TCAS)是机载监视系统中的重要组成部分, 对于避免航空器危险接近,保证航空器安全有着重要作用。 针对签派工作中 TCAS 故障放行难点问题,分别从飞机以自身动力滑出前、以自身动力滑出后、起飞后三个阶段展开分析。 首先,由于 TCAS 系统依托的设备多,关联系统复杂,先介绍了 TCAS 系统的组成以及依托设备的常见故障。 其次,以 TCAS 的工作原理为基础,分析了各个关联设备如应答机、惯性导航和大气数据基准等故障导致 TCAS 故障的机理。 再次,给出了关于 TCAS 失效能否继续实施缩小垂直间隔( reduced vertical separation minimum, 简称 RVSM)的说明,指出 TCAS 不是运行 RVSM 空域的基本设备,需要区分造成 TCAS 失效的原因。 最后,从三个阶段对 TCAS 故障及关联设备故障展开分析,分别给出了滑出前 AP / FD TCAS 方式丢失、导航 TCAS 失效,滑出后及起飞后 TCAS 故障和关联系统故障并给出签派解决方案。

Research on TCAS failure dispatch disposal of A320s aircraft

The traffic alert and collision avoidance system( TCAS) is an important part of the surveillance system and plays an important role in avoiding dangerous approach and ensuring safety. In view of the difficulties of TCAS failure in dispatch, the analysis was carried out from three stages: before taxi out with its own power, after taxi out with its own power, and after takeoff. First of all, due to the numerous devices on which the TCAS system relies and the complex correlation system, the composition of the TCAS system and the common failures of the supporting equipment were introduced. Secondly, based on the principle of TCAS, the mechanism of TCAS failure caused by transponders, inertial navigation and atmospheric data datums was analyzed. Thirdly, an explanation was given on whether the failure of TCAS can continue to implement RVSM, pointing out that TCAS is not a basic device in reduced vertical separation minimum(RVSM) airspace, and it is necessary to distinguish the causes of TCAS failure. Finally, the TCAS failure and the associated equipment failure were analyzed from three stages, and the signage solutions of AP / FD TCAS mode loss, navigation TCAS failure, TCAS failure after taxi out and after take-off and associated system failure were analyzed.