飞机机头附近液态水含量分布规律的数值研究

在飞行器飞行过程中,安装在机头上的各类传感器结冰会对飞机的飞行安全产生不利影响。而液态水含量是影响飞机结冰的重要参数,为了更好地进行传感器结构及布局设计,对机头附近液态水含量分布规律进行数值研究。采用计算流体力学方法对飞机飞行时的空气-过冷水滴的稀疏两相流场进行数值模拟,通过求解N-S方程获得空气流场,采用欧拉法求解水滴运动场得到水滴运动轨迹。分析在不同来流马赫数、来流迎角及液滴直径等条件下,机头关键截面上广义水滴遮蔽高度的变化及机头关键位置上液态水含量的变化规律,研究不同状态参数对液态水含量分布的影响。结果表明:水滴遮蔽高度及浓度增加区范围随马赫数增大而增加,迎角的变化对机头上下表面液态水含量分布产生相反的影响。

Numerical Analysis of distribution law of Liquid Water Content on Aircraft Nose

The distribution of Liquid Water Content(LWC) on different position of Aircraft nose were numerical analysed under different flight conditions in this paper. The air-water droplet flow field was numerical simulated using Computational Fluid Dynamic method. Navier-Stokes equations were solved to obtain the air flow field, and Eulerian Method was used to obtain the water droplet trajectories. With the computational results, the shadow height of water droplet and LWC change on key section on aircraft nose were analysed under different inflight Mach number and angle of attack, and the influence of Mach number and angle of attack on LWC were studied.