微型涡轮喷气发动机发展综述

100 daN以下推力的微型涡轮喷气发动机能为微小型飞行器提供优质和可靠的动力,已成为国内外研究的热点.微型涡轮喷气发动机具有尺寸小、转速高、零件数少、工作时间长、推力易调节、红外辐射低、能重复使用等优点.其推重比已经超过11.0,已在无人作战飞行器、防空武器靶标、精确打击弹药、试验飞行器等装备上大量应用.本文从研发机构与代表产品、性能与结构特点、应用现状等方面,对微型涡轮喷气发动机20世纪50年代以来的发展情况进行了综述,可为今后国内研制高性能微型涡轮喷气发动机提供参考.随着进一步降低成本、提高推重比,微型涡轮喷气发动机将有更强的竞争力和更广的发展前景.

An Overview on Development of Micro Turbojet Engines

This paper reviewed and summarized the development situation of micro turbojet engines in the past sixty years. The thrust of micro turbojet engines is less than 100 daN especially. They are characteristic of small size, high rotating speed, low cost and simple structure. They became a global researchful focus as an excellent powerplant of micro and small aerial vehicles, because of the advantages of longer running time, variable thrust, lower infrared radiation value and repeated usage. The micro turbojet engines have been equipped on unmanned combat aerial vehicles, targets for air defense weapons, precision-guided missiles, test vehicles, powered gliders and aerial models.