太阳质子耀斑X射线辐射特征及质子事件警报

太阳质子耀斑X射线辐射特征的研究, 为太阳质子事件的警报提供一个重要的途径和方法。本文分析了第21周太阳活动峰年(1977—1986)期间质子耀斑和相应的GOES和SMM卫星观测的X射线辐射资料, 结果表明:大部分质子耀斑的硬X射线峰值流量F_HX≥104s/c;积分流量F₀≥106counts;硬X射线辐射到达峰值时间T_R≥100s;持续时间T_D≥103s;X光子最高能量E_x≥300keV;平均能谱指数√r≤3.5;高能时延T_L≥10s。利用这些X射线暴的特征参数, 对第21周峰年大质子事件作警报检验, 结果是:报准率为94％, 虚报率为40％。 

THE CHARACTERISTICS OF SOLAR X-RAY EMISSION FOR PROTON FLARES AND PROTON EVENT WARNING

Studying the characteristics of solar X-ray emission for proton flare will provide an important way and method for proton event warning. The observational data of proton flares and relevant X-ray emission obtained by GOES and SMMsatellites during the 21st Solar Maximum are analysed in this paper. It shows that, for most proton flares, the hard X-ray emission has following properties: the peak flux F_HX≥104c/s, duration time T_n≥103sec, maximum X-ray photon energy E_x≥300 keV, average spectral index<3.5, high energy time delay T_L> 10 sec, integral flux F₀>106counts, rising time T_R>102sec. By using these characteristic parameters to warn the proton events, the a correct prediction rate of 94% and a false prediction rate of 40% are obtained respectively.