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Temperature effects in the ATIC BGO calorimeter |
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| Authors: | J Isbert JH Adams Jr HS Ahn GL Bashindzhagyan KE Batkov M Christl AR Fazely O Ganel RM Gunashingha TG Guzik J Chang KC Kim EN Kouznetsov ZW Lin MI Panasyuk AD Panov WKH Schmidt ES Seo NV Sokolskaya John W Watts JP Wefel J Wu VI Zatsepin |
| Institution: | 1. Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA;2. Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA;3. Max-Planck Institut for Solar System Research, Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany;4. Purple Mountain Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China;5. University of Alabama, Huntsville, AL, USA;6. Institute for Physical Science & Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA;g Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia;h Department of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA |
| Abstract: | The Advanced Thin Ionization Calorimeter (ATIC) Balloon Experiment had a successful test flight and a science flight in 2000–01 and 2002–03 and an unsuccessful launch in 2005–06 from McMurdo, Antarctica, returning 16 and 19 days of flight data. ATIC is designed to measure the spectra of cosmic rays (protons to iron). The instrument is composed of a Silicon matrix detector followed by a carbon target interleaved with scintillator tracking layers and a segmented BGO calorimeter composed of 320 individual crystals totaling 18 radiation lengths to determine the particle energy. BGO (Bismuth Germanate) is an inorganic scintillation crystal and its light output depends not only on the energy deposited by particles but also on the temperature of the crystal. The temperature of balloon instruments during flight is not constant due to sun angle variations as well as differences in albedo from the ground. The change in output for a given energy deposit in the crystals in response to temperature variations was determined. |
| Keywords: | Cosmic rays High-altitude Ballooning BGO temperature dependence |
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