Ka频段液晶相控阵天线设计与分析

随着5G通信、卫星通信、物联网的迅速发展，对于相控阵天线提出了更高的技术要求，要求其具有带宽更宽、成本更低、指标更优、尺寸更小等特点。为了满足移动卫星通信的需求，针对相控阵天线的技术指标要求，设计了一款工作于Ka频段的液晶相控阵天线。通过研究液晶相控阵天线系统的整体架构，对其各个主要功能模块进行了设计和选型，包括天线阵列规模大小评估，移相器、辐射器、馈电网络、偏置网络、波控电路等功能部件的选型，研究基于液晶移相技术的小型化相控阵天线及波束控制电路，最终完成天线设计与仿真，并完成原理样机的研制和测试。对关键技术指标进行论证，天线各项指标可满足Ka频段移动卫星通信的相关技术需求。相较于传统卫星终端，该液晶相控阵天线具备批量生产、体积小、通信位置灵活等特点，适用于各种安装平台，更符合现代化通信的需求，为军/民用移动卫星通信提供了一种有效可行的天线解决方案。

Design and analysis of a Ka band liquid crystal phased array antenna

With the rapid development of 5G communication, satellite communication and internet of things, higher technical requirements are put forward for phased array antennas, which requires it to have the characteristics of wider bandwidth, lower cost, better index and smaller size. In order to meet the requirements of mobile satellite communication, a liquid crystal phased array antenna working in Ka band is designed according to the technical requirements of phased array antenna. By studying the overall architecture of liquid crystal phased array antenna system, the main functional modules are designed and selected, including the size evaluation of antenna array, the selection of functional components such as phase shifter, radiator, feed network, bias network and wave control circuit, and miniaturized phased array antenna and beam control circuit based on liquid crystal phase shifting technology are studied. Finally, the antenna design and simulation are completed, and the prototype is developed. The key technical indicators are demonstrated, and all of them can meet the technical requirements of Ka band mobile satellite communication. Compared with the traditional satellite terminal, the liquid crystal phased array antenna has the characteristics of mass production, small volume and flexible communication position, and is suitable for various installation platforms, which is more in line with the requirements of modern communication and provides an effective and feasible antenna solution for military/civil mobile satellite communication.