纳米锑颗粒的制备及其分散性研究

采用电化学方法电沉积制得不同形貌及粒径的纳米锑颗粒,并在制备过程中使用OP-10对纳米锑颗粒表面进行了原位改性.通过TEM、XRD、FTIR等方法对纳米锑颗粒的形态、物相和包覆效果进行表征.结果显示,纳米锑颗粒的制备具有时间效应和电流效应.随着反应时间的加长,纳米锑颗粒粒径变大,且在某种程度上存在着团聚现象；电流密度在一定范围内,适当增大电流密度有利于纳米锑颗粒的形成.纳米锑颗粒的表面改性,主要是通过OP-10的长链分子结构与纳米锑颗粒之间的化学吸附以及OP-10的长链烷基分子之间的氢键、范德华力相互作用,分子链相互缠结,部分通过C-H键互相渗入,最终有效地包覆在纳米锑颗粒表面来达到其表面改性效果,同时在反应过程中醚键也起了一定作用.纳米锑颗粒在纯液体石蜡油中的分散稳定性能与其添加量有关,其最佳添加量为0.5％.

Study on Preparation of Nanosized Sb and Dispersion of Sb in Liquid Media

Nano antimony particles with different morphology and size were prepared by electrochemical method(Electrodeposition),while the surface was modified by using OP-10.Some methods such as TEM,XRD,FTIR were used for the morphology,size and coating effects analysis of the nanometer-sized Sb particles.The results showed that there were time effects and current effects when antimony nanoparticles were synthesized.With increasing reaction time,the size of nano-antimony particle became larger and,to some extent,agglomerating phenomenon of nano-antimony particle occurred.When the current density changed within a certain range,the suitable increase of the current density was conducive to the formation of nano-antimony particles.The surface modification of nano-particles of antimony was obtained mainly by coating of OP-10 through chemical absorption between OP-10 long-chain molecular structure and nano-antimony particle,interaction of hydrogen bond and van der waals force among OP-10 long-chain alkyl molecular,mutual tangle of molecular chain and mutual permeation of C—H bond,while the bond of ether playing a role during the reaction.The dispersion and stability of nano antimony particles in the pure liquid paraffin oil related to their dosage,and the optimum amount is 0.5%.