航天器在轨全过程表面辐射热计算数值仿真研究

对在轨航天器表面辐射热计算进行了全过程数值仿真研究。航天器结构较复杂，针对不同结构进行区域分解，对几何模型进行相应的规则化，同时采用结构化网格和非结构化网格建立通用的计算网格自生成技术。仿真过程重点考虑了任意曲面的网格自动划分和任意形状交界面的数据传递，兼顾几何结构、物理过程、计算精度和计算速度。将有限元法和能束均匀分布法相结合计算角系数和辐射传递系数。将积分法和能束均匀分布法相结合计算外热流。由于在轨航天器表面多用多层隔热组件包裹，针对这部分结构采用节点网络法和控制容积法计算其表面温度，而未被包裹的结构采用有限元法计算其表面温度。对具有辐射换热关系的非连通区域温度场的有限元计算进行了分析和公式推导。最后，用Microsoft VC++6.0编程设计开发了近地轨道航天器表面辐射热计算仿真软件。

Numerical simulation research on surface radiation heat calculation of spacecraft in orbit whole course

The surface radiation heat simulation program based on Microsoft VC++ 6.0 for spacecraft in whole orbit course was presented.Due to complexity of spacecraft structure,the spacecraft structures were decomposed to relatively regular parts.Automatic generation of calculation grid was conducted by using structured grid and unstructured technology.Simulation mainly solved automatic grid generation for arbitrary surface and data transmission between arbitrary shape interfaces,and the geometry structure,physical process,calculation accuracy and efficiency were considered.View factors and radiation transfer coefficients were calculated by combining finite element method and ray uniform distribution.According to the position of surface cells,external heat flux was calculated with integral method for non-shaded surface and with ray uniform distribution method for shaded surface.As the spacecraft surface was wrapped with multilayer insulation material,the temperature field of multilayer insulation material was calculated with nodal network method and finite volume method.The temperature of other parts without wrap was calculated with finite element method.The temperature of unconnected regions available with radiation heat transfer relations was analyzed,and the calculation formulae were deduced.Numerical experiment shows that the simulation program is correct and effective.