航天继电器浪涌电流作用下电接触寿命研究

近年来，卫星上的航天继电器在使用过程中发生了多次触点粘连故障，经分析发现，虽然在继电器设计中均根据其稳态工作电流进行了一级降额设计，但由于非纯阻性负载的存在，继电器在通断瞬间均存在一定程度的浪涌电流，该浪涌电流可以使触点迅速熔蚀，甚至熔焊失效。文章针对继电器接通瞬间浪涌电流对触点的熔蚀现象开展研究，利用试验测试并验证航天继电器的抗浪涌电流能力，对触点熔蚀、熔焊机理进行分析研究，研究结论可以指导航天继电器的使用，提高继电器在轨应用的可靠性和安全性，延长其使用寿命。

The contact life of spacecraft relay under inrush current

It is not uncommon that some relays of the spacecraft would fail due to the contact accretion. The inrush current, caused by the capacitive load, will appear when the relay is closed, although the derating design takes account of it. The inrush current may melt and erode the contacts to present potential risks of the failure of the relay. In this paper, the erosion of the relay contacts by the inrush current is studied, the capability of standing against the inrush current of the spacecraft relay is tested, the mechanisms of the contact erosion and welding are analyzed, tp give guidance for the proper use of the spacecraft relay and to improve the reliability and safety of the spacecraft relay usage.