航天器用回转支撑机构设计优化及试验验证

本文结合国内空间站对日定向驱动机构所采用的回转支撑机构方案，重点围绕滚轮-导轨运动副接触形式，分析了圆柱形滚轮外形方案所存在的“滚中带滑”情况，针对性地开展了滚轮外形结构设计优化，提出了圆锥形设计改进方案。为了验证该方案的设计正确性、工程可行性以及改进有效性，计算了改进方案的运动副滚滑比，评估了零件加工精度、产品装配偏差以及空间温度环境等对滚滑比的影响，分析了改进方案对机械接口和载荷条件的影响，开展了真空寿命试验。结果表明:改进方案能够实现在理论上滚轮-导轨运动副为纯滚动运动，对零件加工精度、产品装配偏差以及空间温度环境有较好的容差性和适应性，并且对机械接口和载荷条件无影响，能够有效改善滚轮-导轨运动副接触状态，延长寿命，满足使用需求。

Design Optimization and Experimental Verification of Trundle Bearing Mechanisms for Spacecrafts

Based on the trundle bearing mechanisms adopted by China''s space station for solar-oriented driving mechanisms，an improved conical roller scheme is proposed.The contact forms of the roller-rail kinematic pairs are focused，the phenomenon of "sliding in rolling" existed in the cylindrical shape roller scheme is analyzed，and the design of roller structure is optimized.In order to verify the correctness，engineering feasibility，and improvement effectiveness of the improved scheme，the roll-slip ratio is calculated，the effects of factors such as machining precision，assembly deviation，and space temperature environment on the roll-slip ratio are assessed，and the effects of the improved scheme on the mechanical interface and load conditions are analyzed.In addition，vacuum life tests are carried out.The results suggest that the improved scheme can realize pure rolling of roller-rail kinematic pairs in theory，has good tolerance and adaptability to machining precision，assembly deviation，and space temperature environment，has no influence on the mechanical interface and load conditions，and can effectively improve the contact status of the roller-rail kinematic pairs and prolong the life，meeting the application requirements.