基于自适应滤波的编队卫星实时相对定轨

提出基于自适应滤波的编队卫星实时相对定轨算法，利用2005-12-09—10两颗GRACE（Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment）卫星的GPS（Global Positioning System）实测数据进行实时相对定轨试验计算，采用JPL（Jet Propulsion Laboratory）轨道对试验结果外部检核，结果表明:①自适应滤波相对定轨通过自适应因子，可以较好地平衡编队卫星的观测信息和相对动力学信息，其相对定轨结果精度优于Kalman滤波相对定轨结果；②自适应滤波相对定轨结果随着星间基线缩短而精度提高；③两颗GRACE卫星采用单频伪距和广播星历进行自适应滤波相对定轨，可以得到精度优于6cm的星间基线。

Real-time relative orbit determination for formation flying satellites using adaptive filtering

A method of real-time relative orbit determination for formation flying satellites using adaptive filtering was proposed. Real-time relative orbit of two gravity recovery and climate experiment (GRACE) satellites was computed by using the global positioning system (GPS) data observed from December 9 to 10, 2005. The results of the real-time relative orbit determination were independently validated with the orbits of jet propulsion laboratory (JPL) which computed separately. The results of computation show that the information of relative dynamics and observation between formation flying satellites can be balanced finely by adaptive filtering through adaptive factor, and the relative orbit of formation flying satellites computed by adaptive filtering is better than that of Kalman filtering. The results of computation also show that the accuracy of relative orbit is improved for the shorter baseline of satellites based on the adaptive relative orbit determination. The accuracy of the baseline of GRACE satellites is better than 6 cm when using GPS single-frequency pseudoranges and broadcast ephemeris.