梯度功能材料制备技术及其发展趋势

综述了梯度功能材料（ＦＧＭ）的制备技术和国内外的研究现状，具体介绍了几种制备技术的基本原理和工艺方法，包括粉末冶金法、等离子喷涂法、激光熔敷法、化学气相沉积法和物理气相法以及自蔓延高温燃烧合成法。从工艺角度分析了各种制备技术的优缺点，并展望了梯度功能材料制备技术的发展趋势。

Preparing Techniques and Developing Tendency of Functionally Gradient Materials

Present status of domestic and overseas studies on functionally gradient materials (FGM) is introduced.Its principles and preparing techniques of FGM are basically reviewed,which include powder metallurgy,plasma spraying,laser cladding,physical vapour deposit,chemical vapour deposit and self propagating high temperature synthesis.Their advantages and shortcomings as well as developing tendency of FGM are also analyzed in this paper.