基于仿生的适于特殊地形的直升机起落架设计

现阶段直升机起落架主要采用轮式起落架和滑撬式起落架,由于机动性和灵活性较差,导致直升机起降时对地面的平整度及坡角要求较高,在遇到某些特殊地形如乱石滩、斜坡坡度较大地带可能面临无法正常起降这一困难。本文受某些仿生无人机起落架设计启发,提出了一种新型直升机起落架的设计方法,此种起落架采用三立柱支撑结构,主体是三个位于机身底部的液压伸缩支撑杆,在直升机降落时杆端的传感器与主控配合来动态控制支撑杆的伸缩长度。此种起落架通过控制每根液压杆伸缩不同的长度来适应不同环境下的崎岖地形,使直升机在乱石滩及大坡度地面起降成为可能。经过设计举例及受力分析,得出本设计方法在工程上是可以实现的,并且在直升机抗震性能的提升方面也有一定作用。

Helicopter Landing Gear Design for Special Terrain Based on Bionics

At present, the helicopter undercarriage mainly uses the landing gear wheel and skid undercarriage. The flexibility of these two kinds of design is poor, which resulting in difficulty for helicopters taking off and landing on the ground in some special terrain. This paper presents a new type of helicopter landing gear design method. By some bionic uninhabited air vehicle landing gear design inspiration, this landing gear with three post support structure. Through controlling each hydraulic telescopic stretch different lengths, the landing gear adjust to rough terrain under different environment. Through a design example and the force analysis, the design method can be realized in engineering, and also have some effects on the seismic performance of helicopter anti seismic property.