火星稀薄大气环境下的四旋翼无人机动力系统初步研究

火星的低气压环境为飞机可能应用于火星探测创造了条件。四旋翼飞机具有结构简单、可靠性高、可空中悬停、可重复起降等众多优势,成为火星探测应用的研究方向之一。文章针对火星四旋翼无人机关键的动力系统,用二维CFD仿真软件建立了螺旋桨模型,仿真分析了桨叶倾角、转速和半径等因素对桨叶升力的影响,并进行了螺旋桨初步方案设计。针对方案还开展了稀薄大气环境下的试验,测试了螺旋桨的升力,获得了与仿真分析一致的结果。文章研究可为火星四旋翼无人机动力系统进一步细化设计提供参考。

Preliminary research of the power system for Mars UAV with four rotors in thin atmosphere

The hypobaric environment on Mars creates the condition for the aircraft to be used in the Mars explorations. The four-rotor aircraft will be a potential choice in the Mars aircraft investigation because of its simple structure and high reliability, besides, it can also hover in the air, and be able to takeoff and land repeatedly. This paper focuses on the propulsion technology for the Mars four-rotor aircraft, and a 2D-CFD model is established of its propellers. The relationship of the blade inclination, the rotation speed, and the radius with the blade lift is analyzed by the model. The preliminary design of propellers is made based on this relationship. By tests in thin atmosphere, the thrust of propellers is obtained which agrees with the numerical simulation. The results of this paper can provide a theoretical basis for the further design of the dynamic system of the Mars UAV (unmanned aerial vehicle) with four-rotor propellers.