神舟飞船出舱活动故障模式和对策的设计与实践

根据出舱活动任务及程序安排,以确保航天员安全和提高出舱活动任务可靠性为原则,提出了飞行事件时域、空域分析与出舱活动故障树分析（FTA）和失效模式与影响分析（FMEA）结果相结合的设计方法,完成了我国出舱活动飞行任务故障模式与对策。所设计的多种出舱活动故障模式与对策,覆盖了出舱活动飞行任务可能发生的各种情况,经出舱活动飞行试验验证,故障模式设计及对策设计合理,有力保证了神舟七号飞船出舱活动的圆满成功,具有工程实用价值。

Failure Mode and Countermeasure Design and Implement for Shenzhou Spaceship's Extravehicular Activity

According to the Shenzhou spaceship’s extravehicular activity flying mission and flying program,a failure model and countermeasure design method is proposed based on the principle to ensure safety and the reliability of astronaut in extravehicular activity. In this method,fly events time field analysis and airspace analysis are integrated to extravehicular activity fault tree analysis（FTA） and failure mode and effect analysis（FMEA）. With this method,the study of China’s first extravehicular activity failure mode and countermeasure is finished covering the all cases of fly mission. The failure mode and countermeasure’s rationality and engineering value is shown and tested by the success of Shenzhou spaceship extravehicular activity.