基于正弦拟合的空间目标短弧关联算法

星敏感器是一种高精度姿态传感器，具有断续拍摄空间目标的能力，可作为空间目标监视平台。将星敏感器断续观测的短弧准确关联是实现空间目标精确定轨的前提。通过对空间目标的大量观测数据统计发现，空间目标的赤纬随赤经的变化始终满足一条周期为360°的正弦曲线且峰值与轨道倾角有关。对新旧航迹的赤经赤纬变化规律进行研究，提出一种基于正弦拟合的空间目标短弧关联算法，避免了空间目标初定轨的步骤，节约了算法运行时间。仿真中观测时长最短为50s，通过对目标密集的GEO带增加额外约束，可区分倾角相差0.01°的轨道。当航迹段间隔3h时，3组噪声水平目标关联的准确率均达90%以上。

Short-arc association algorithm for space target based on sine fitting

The star sensor is a high-precision attitude sensor with the ability to intermittently capture space targets and can be used as a space target monitoring platform. Accurately associating short arc observations of star sensors is a prerequisite for achieving precise orbit determination of space targets. Through a large amount of observational data on the space target, it is found that the relationship between the declination and the right ascension of the space target always satisfies a sine curve with a period of 360 ° and that the peak value is related to the orbit inclination. A short arc association algorithm based on sinusoidal fitting for space targets was proposed, which avoids initial orbit determination and saves running time. In the simulation, the shortest observation time was 50s. By adding additional constraints to the dense GEO zone, it is possible to distinguish orbits with a 0.01 ° inclination difference. When the track interval is 3 h, the target association accuracy is above 90% under the three sets of noise conditions.