大气层外拦截弹基于方位测量的被动测距

针对测量信息为视线角或视线转率的大气层外拦截弹研究了被动测距问题。依据可观性本质构造了相对距离的可观性指标，推导了可观性指标的解析表达式，在此基础上分析了影响相对距离可观性的因素，并进行了仿真验证。研究表明：接近速度越小，可观性越好；较大的轨控加速度有利于提高可观性；令正负向轨控发动机交替开启，使视线转率在零值附近振荡有利于测距误差收敛，但以视线角为测量信息时，视线转率振荡范围不宜过小。

Bearings-only Passive Ranging for Exo-atmospheric Interceptor

The passive ranging with line-of-sight angle or line-of-sight rate measurement for exo-atmospheric interceptor was studied. The observability index of the relative distance was put forward based on the essence of observability, and the analytical expression of the observability index was deduced, then factors affecting the observability of the relative distance was analyzed and validated by simulations. Studies have shown that: better observability goes with smaller closing velocity and greater lateral acceleration; oscillating line-of-sight rate near zero with alternate control of the two opposite lateral engine help the convergence of the estimation error of the relative distance, but the range of the oscillating line-of-sight rate should not be too narrow when the measurement is line-of-sight angle.