月球表面次级中子辐射环境仿真研究

由于缺少磁场和大气，宇宙线高能粒子轰击月壤可以形成月球特有的强中子辐射环境，并对航天员和电子设备造成潜在威胁。文章采用蒙特卡罗方法仿真研究宇宙线高能粒子辐射与月壤成分核反应产生的次级中子能谱特征，给出不同太阳活动、不同月壤深度下月球中子能谱特征和空间分布特征。仿真结果表明，宇宙线高能粒子导致的次级中子随着月壤深度的增加先增大后减小，大约在1 m深度达到最大值，深度越深银河宇宙线诱发的中子贡献越大。相关结果可为我国后续载人月球探测任务的辐射防护设计提供参考。

Simulation of induced neutron radiation environment on lunar surface

Due to the lack of the magnetic field and the atmosphere, the high energy cosmic ray particles bombarding the lunar soil can induce a unique strong neutron radiation, which poses a potential threat to the astronauts and the electronic equipment. In this paper, the Monte Carlo method is used to simulate the spectrum characteristics of the secondary neutrons produced by the reactions between the cosmic ray particles and the lunar regolith components. It is shown that the flux of the secondary neutrons induced by the energetic cosmic ray particles first increases and then decreases with the increase of the depth of the lunar soil, and reaches the maximum at a depth of about 1 m. The deeper the lunar regolith is, the greater the contribution of the neutrons induced by the galactic cosmic rays will be. The relevant results can provide a reference for the radiation protection design of China’s subsequent manned lunar exploration missions.