The sondrestrom radar and accompanying ground-based instrumentation

The Sondrestrom radar facility, funded by the NSF Upper Atmospheric Facilities Program, is operated and managed by SRI International. The facility is located on the west coast of Greenland, just north of the Arctic Circle, near 75 deg invariant magnetic latitude. The principal instrument at the facility is the incoherent scatter radar. The incoherent scatter technique allows the direct measurement of ionospheric electron number density, ion velocity, and electron and ion temperature along the radar beam. Because the radar antenna is fully steerable these parameters can be determined as functions of horizontal distance and altitude. Additional ionospheric quantities can be derived using these measured parameters. As part of the ISTP mission, the radar will measure the spatial (horizontal and altitudinal) and temporal variations of ionospheric parameters including electron density, large scale electric field. conductivity, currents, and energy input. Repetitive measurements define variations of parameters with local time, as well.