一种用于测量高层大气风场的新型地基Fabry-Perot干涉仪

地表海拔大约250\,km高度处大气非常稀薄,目前被动光学观测是该层风场探测最有效手段.Fabry-Perot干涉仪(FPI)由于具有较高能量利用率及光谱分辨率等特点,是该层大气最有效的地基风场探测仪器之一.基于采用光路缩束系统及滤光片后置(标准具之后)方法研制的小型化FPI,2014年分别在河北廊坊(39.40°N,116.65°E)和山西岢岚(38.71°N,111.58°E)进行了地基观测试验,将观测数据与反演算法相结合得到高层大气风场数据,并将数据结果与美国大气研究中心两台FPI的风场数据进行了比较研究,在气辉整体辐射较弱的情况下得到岢岚站的风速平均反演偏差为11.8 m·s-1. 

A New Ground-based Fabry-Perot Interferometer for Measurement of the Thermospheric Wind

As the thin air in the upper atmosphere (about 250 km),passive optical measurement is considered as the most efficient method for wind retrieval of the upper atmosphere.Because of high energy utilization and high spectral resolution,Fabry-Perot Interferometer (FPI) is one of the most widely used instruments for wind measurements.In this paper,a tiny ground-based FPI is designed by using a band-pass filter behind etalon and Galilean telescope system for wind observation of the upper atmosphere.The instrument is mainly composed of five parts including front optics sky-scanner,the etalon,Galilean telescope and filter,detector,and laser calibration system.The size of the instrument is 1.34 m×0.58 m×0.35 m,and the FPI is convenient to be transported from one place to another.Based on the instrument,several days of experiments are carried out at Langfang (39.40°N,116.65°E) station and Kelan (38.71°N,111.58°E) station for a detailed validation.The averaged wind deviation at Kelan sites between our FPI and American A-NCAR FPI is 11.8 m·s-1 when airglow is weak,which suggests good agreement between them.