大功率无线电波对高电离层的加热

根据动量方程、能量方程和电子的连续性方程,在偶极扩散的假设下,建立了地面入射的大功率无线电波加热高电离层的理论模型.作为应用,对以上方程组数值求解,计算了高电离层（150-400 km）电子温度和电子密度随时间的变化.计算结果表明,对于一定参数的发射机,一定的吸收模型,电离层电子温度和密度均有明显的变化.我们发现,应用本文选取的加热参数,在电波反射点附近,电子温度有10％-25％的增加,电子密度有1％-2％左右的减少.电子温度达到稳态的时间要快于电子密度达到稳态的时间.最后,用本文的结果解释了电离层加热实验中的一些观测现象.

THE HEATING OF UPPER IONOSPHERE BY POWERFUL HIGH-FREQUENCY RADIO WAVES

Using momentum equation, energy equation and continuity equation of electrons in the upper ionosphere, with the assumption of ambipolar diffusion and β combination of electrons, a theoretical model for heating of the upper ionosphere by powerful high-frequency radio waves is presented. In this paper, these equations are solved numerically to calculate the change of the electron temperature and density at the heights between 150km and 400km in the ionosphere. For specific transmitter’s parameters and specific radio waves energy absorbed model, the calculated results show that the perturbation of the electron temperature and density are obvious. In terms of the selected parameters in this paper, the calculated results show that the electron temperature is increased by about 10%-25%, and the electron density is decreased by 1%-2% or so in the vicinity of the reflective point of radio waves. The time scales of electron temperature to reach its steady state is much faster than that of electron density. Finally, by means of these results, some observed phenomena in many heating experiments are explained in this paper.