充水压力容器超高速撞击特性试验与仿真研究

通过试验和数值仿真研究铝球以约2．5 km/s的速度撞击球形充水压力容器的撞击特性，容器为先充约80％的水再充2．0MPa氮气的球形不锈钢压力容器。结果表明：超高速撞击充水压力容器的主要损伤为穿孔和爆裂；铝球撞击穿透容器后在水中减速明显，未对容器后壁造成明显损伤；压力容器的工作压力相同时，在相近的撞击参数下，设计压力小的压力容器更易发生爆裂。研究结果可为在轨航天器上的压力容器设计和空间碎片防护提供参考。

Test and simulation study on characteristics of pressure container filled with water under hypervelocity impact

In order to study the characteristic of pressure container impacted by space debris, the characteristics of pressure container filled with water under hypervelocity impact were studied by test and simulation.The targets were ball pressure containers welded by stainless steel and were charged with water occupying about 80% volume of container and nitrogen of 2.0MPa be-fore test.The water was used to simulate liquid in the pressure container of spacecraft,and the nitrogen of 2.0MPa was used to simulate the work pressure of container.The projectiles were a-luminum spheres,and the impact velocities were about 2.5km/s.The damage models of ball pressure container were obtained by test,the moving characteristic of aluminum sphere in water was simulated.The results showed that the main damage were perforation and burst for ball pressure container filled with water under hypervelocity impact.The fragments generated by pro-j ectile impacting pressure container were decelerated evidently by the water in container which caused no evident damage on the back wall of pressure container.Under the same working pres-sure,the pressure container with low designing pressure would burst more possibly.The study conclusions provided reference for designing and protection from space debris of pressure contain-er of on-orbit spacecraft.