热防护设计分析技术发展中的新概念与新趋势

热防护材料/结构是实现临近空间飞行器高速飞行的一项关键技术,近年来一些新的设计与分析方法不断涌现。本文对这些新的设计与分析方法进行了论述,综合分析后可以看出:热防护材料设计开始从原子、分子尺度出发,根据使用需求设计材料,并发展主动防护与控制环境技术;热防护结构设计在原有防热/承载一体化设计基础上,向多元化以及多功能一体化方向发展,同时积极发展新机制热防护概念设计;热防护分析方法更加注重复杂真实服役状态下多尺度、多物理场及非确定性的精细化分析。这些新概念和新技术有望给热防护技术带来革命性的进步。

New concepts and trends in development of thermal protection design and analysis technology

Thermal protection material and structure is one of the key technologies enabling near space hypersonic flights. For the past few years, new design and analysis methods have constantly emerged. This paper will focus on these new concepts and technologies, and a survey of literature reveals that: design of thermal protection materials has been developed according to ab initio method on atomic or molecular scale to meet specific needs, and active protection technology with environment management is on the course; thermal protection structures are not only expected to be capable of thermal protection and load bearing, but also multifunctional and diversified by new thermal protection mechanism and concepts; more attention has been paid to multi-scale multi-physics non-deterministic methods under complex real service conditions in thermal protection structure analysis approaches. These new concepts and technologies will constantly drive innovations and revolutions in thermal protection technology.