基于粘弹性材料的五轴铣削加工被动抑振技术

针对薄壁件在铣削过程中极易出现颤振,且动力学特性快速变化导致切削稳定性多变的特点,研究基于粘弹性材料的被动阻尼技术,以增加薄壁零件阻尼、提升切削稳定性。提出阻尼层、约束层以及质量层的设计方案,模态试验表明该技术能大幅提升薄壁件阻尼,且对多阶振动模态有抑制作用。最后,将其应用于薄壁S样件的五轴铣削加工试验,多组切削参数下的试验结果表明,工件切削振动幅值最大可下降约97%。

Vibration Attenuation of Five-Axis Milling Based on Viscoelastic Damping Material

Chatter easily occurs during the milling process of thin-walled part,and the stability limit is varied due to the changing of part dynamics.The passive damping technology based on viscoelastic material is investigated in order to promote the damping ratio and machining stability of the thin-walled part.A methodology consisting of damping layer,restraint layer and mass layer is proposed.Modal tests show that it is effective in damping multiple modes.Finally,it is applied to the five-axis milling of thin-walled S part.Experiments under multiple configurations of cutting parameters show that the vibration amplitude is decreased by 97％.