基于三维激光扫描的蒙皮对缝检测研究

针对传统蒙皮对缝检测方法误差大、效率低等问题以及二维激光对缝检测的缺陷,采用了一种基于三维激光扫描蒙皮对缝的检测方法并开发出相应软件。提出了蒙皮对缝三维点云数据的去噪、临界点识别及提取方法,根据蒙皮对缝间隙阶差对气动外形的影响,分析其实际几何结构,与理论结构对比,提炼出了计算蒙皮对缝间隙阶差的数学模型,并通过对试验模拟件对缝的检测,验证了其计算精度。结果表明:该检测方法可行,与二维激光检测相比精度和重复精度更高,间隙测量精度达到0.04mm,阶差测量精度达到0.02mm,可以满足蒙皮对缝检测需求,为分析间隙阶差对装配质量的影响提供数值依据。

Research on Detection of Skin Seam Based on 3D Laser Scanning

Concerning the difficulties such as large errors and low efficiency in traditional detection method of the skin seam and the defects based on 2D laser scanning,a method of the skin seam based on 3D laser scanning is proposed and corresponding software is developed.Methods and steps of de-noising,critical points recognition and extraction for the skin seam testing based on 3D point cloud are proposed.Based on the influence of gap and flush on the aerodynamic shape,the actual geometry structures are analyzed.Compared with theoretical structures,the mathematical model of gap and flush is established.The calculate accuracy is verified through experiments of simulation work piece.Field experiments show that the detection method is feasible and compared with two-dimensional laser detection,the accuracy and repeatability are better.The gap measurement accuracy reaches 0.04mm as well as the flush measurement accuracy reaches 0.02mm,which meet the needs of the skin seam detection and provid the numerical basis for the analysis of the influence of gap and flush on the assembly quality.