壁挂式主频可调变截面小卫星结构设计与验证

针对多星并联布局“一箭多星”发射小卫星的模式，为降低星箭连接界面结构受力、提高卫星结构对不同运载火箭的主频适应性、提高星内设备安装空间利用率，本文设计了一种壁挂式主频可调变截面小卫星结构。对该卫星结构，开展了基于有限元方法的模态和静力分析验证，还开展了地面鉴定级振动试验验证和在轨飞行试验验证。分析和试验结果表明，壁挂式卫星结构相比底部连接式卫星结构，星箭连接界面受力可降低67.7%；在不增加卫星结构质量的前提下，仅通过安装或拆卸主传力路径上的部分连接螺钉，就能实现卫星3个方向一阶频率10 Hz左右的可调范围；采用沿运载火箭轴线方向横截面大小可变的变截面结构设计，可将星内设备安装空间的利用率由等截面卫星结构的49.1%提高到74.2%。

Design and Verification of a Hanging Small Satellite Structure with Adjustable Nature Frequency and Section

Aiming at problem of multiple satellites connected to one launch vehicle parallelly and launched simultaneously, a hanging small satellite structure with adjustable nature frequency and section is developed. The small satellite structure is designed in order to reduce the load carried by the satellite structure connected to the launch vehicle, increase the adaptability of the small satellite structure to different launch vehicles with different nature frequency, and improve the utilization ratio of the equipment available space. The structure is verified by the modal frequency analysis and static analysis based on the finite element method, and validated by the ground qualification test and actual flight test. The work of analyzing and testing indicates that the load carried by the hanging satellite structure connected to the launch vehicle is reduced to 67.7% of the load carried by the bottom connected satellite structure; the nature frequency in 3 directions can be adjusted at a range of 10 Hz just by mounting or getting rid of some bolts in the main road of force transferring and without increasing the mass of satellite structure; and the utilization ratio of the equipment available space is increased from 49.1% to 74.2% through using the changeable section along the longitudinal direction.