基于关键测量特性的飞机装配检测数据建模研究

数字化测量辅助飞机装配技术是实现装配关系数字化协调、提高装配精度与效率的关键技术之一。基于数字化测量的装配过程依赖于产品设计、工艺设计、加工与部件装配等多个环节产生的数据,因此,构建统一的数据模型,实现各环节间的数据关联与映射,是实现基于数字化测量的装配过程监测、调控与质量保证的关键。本文首先提出了"关键测量特性"的概念,拟解决产品设计特性、工艺特性向测量特性的映射,并最终转化为关键测量点集;分析了飞机装配中关键测量特性间的几何数据关系,并揭示了其与部件关键装配关系之间的关联,在此基础上构建了以关键测量特性检测数据为节点的飞机装配广义尺寸链;通过对广义尺寸链各节点、组成环及封闭环的数学表达,构建飞机装配过程检测数据模型;讨论了该模型在飞机装配质量控制过程中的应用模式,并以翼身对接为案例,对基于关键测量特性的飞机装配过程检测数据建模过程及应用进行了阐述。

Key Measurement Characteristics Based Inspection Data Modeling for Aircraft Assembly

Digital measurement assisted aircraft assembly technology is a key technology for implementing the digital coordination of assembly relationships and improving assembly precision and efficiency. The assembly process which is based on digital measurement relies on the data produced in product design, process design, manufacturing, component assembly and other stages. Therefore, unified data model construction and implementation of data association and mapping among the various stages are the key to realizing digital measurement based assembly process monitor and quality assurance. In this paper, the concept of key measurement characteristics is proposed to map the key design and process characteristics onto measurement characteristics, and then to the key measured points in assembly. Geometrical data relationships between the key measurement characteristics are analyzed to reveal their linkage with critical components assembly relationships, and a general dimensional chain, whose nodes are the inspection data of key measurement characteristics, is constructed. By expressing mathematically the nodes, known dimensions and interesting dimensions of the chain, an inspection data model in aircraft assembly is built, and its application form in aircraft assembly quality control is discussed. Finally, a case of wing-fuselage joining is introduced to deploy the key measurement characteristics based inspection data model in the final assembly process.