地基激光清除空间碎片的策略

空间碎片的清除策略是实现地基激光主动清除厘米级空间碎片的关键技术之一.为了制定有效的清除策略,首先对在碎片轨道不同位置上速度分量的变化对其新轨道近地点高度的影响进行了研究,指明了3种不同速度分量变化的降轨效果的差异;然后结合地基激光的几何和物理特性,推导了确定有效变轨区域的约束条件;最后据此提出了地基激光以连续脉冲变轨方式清除空间碎片的通用策略,并通过仿真实验,实现了利用地基激光清除空间碎片的目的,也验证了该清除策略的有效性.

Strategy of removing space debris using ground-based lasers

The removal strategy of space debris is one of the most key technologies to achieve the goal of clearing space debris in a wide range of sizes from 1 to 10 cm actively using ground-based lasers. In order to develop an effective strategy for removing space debris, we firstly studied on the influences, which the changes of different velocity components had on the altitude of new orbit's perigee, finding that the same velocity increment along different velocity components has different effects on lowering the altitude of perigee. And then combined with the geometrical and physical of ground-based lasers, the constraint conditions that determine the area of orbit transfer were deduced. Finally, a general strategy, removing space debris in the way of continuous impulse orbit transfer using ground-based lasers, was proposed based on those mentioned above. Moreover, space debris removal using ground-based lasers is realized and the effectiveness of the clearing strategy is also verified through simulation experiments.